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Step By Step: Install and setup Oracle 11g R2 RAC on Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5 (32 - abdulrehman - 01-23-2012 This Document shows the step by step of installing and setting up 3-Node 11gR2 RAC cluster. This setup uses IP Based iSCSI Openfiler SAN as a shared storage subsystem. This setup does not have IPMI and Grid Naming Service (GNS) configured. The SCAN is resolved through DNS. Hardware Used in setting up 3-node 11g R2 RAC using iSCSI SAN (Openfiler): Total Machines: 5 (3 for RAC nodes + 1 for NAS + 1 for DNS) Network Switches: 3 (for Public, Private and Shared Storage) Extra Network Adaptors: 7 (6 for RAC nodes (2 for each node) and one for Storage Server) Network cables: 11 (9 for RAC nodes (3 for each node), one for Shared Storage and 1 for DNS server) External USB HD: 1 (1 TB) Machines Specifications: DELL OPTIPLEX GX620 CPU: Intel 3800MHz RAM: 4084MB HD: 250GB DVD, 10/100 NIC, 8 MB VRAM Network Adaptor Specifications: Linksys EG1032 Instant Gigabit Network Adapter Network Switch Specifications: D-Link 24-Port Rackmountable Gigabit Switch Network Cables Specifications: 25-Foot Cat6 Snagless Patch Cable – (Blue, Black and Grey) Software Used for the 3-node RAC Setup using NAS (Openfiler): NAS Storage Solution: Openfiler 2.3 (2.6.26.8-1.0.11.smp.pae.gcc3.4.x86.i686) Operating System: Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5 (2.6.18-194.el5PAE) Clusterware: Oracle 11g R2 Grid Infrastructure (11.2.0.1) Oracle RAC: Oracle RDBMS 11g R2 (11.2.0.1) 3-Node RAC Setup Operating System: Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5 (2.6.18-194.el5PAE): Server: All the RAC Nodes + DNS server Grid Infrastructure Software (Clusterware + ASM 11.2.0.1): Server: All the RAC Nodes ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/grid ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/grid11201 Owner: grid (Primary Group: oinstall, Secondary Group: asmadmin, asmdba) Permissions: 755 OCR/Voting Disk Storage Type: ASM Oracle Inventory Location: /u01/app/oraInventory Oracle Database Software (RAC 11.2.0.1): Server: All the RAC Nodes ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/db11201 Owner: oracle (Primary Group: oinstall, Secondary Group: asmdba, dba) Permissions: 755 Oracle Inventory Location: /u01/app/oraInventory Database Name: labdb Listener: LAB_LISTENER (TCP:1525) Openfiler 2.3: Server: single dedicated server acting as NAS. OS: Openfiler 2.3 (2.6.26.8-1.0.11.smp.pae.gcc3.4.x86.i686). 3-Node RAC Architecture: Machine Public Name Private Name VIP Name RAC Node1 node1.hingu.net node1-prv node1-vip.hingu.net RAC Node2 node2.hingu.net node2-prv node2-vip.hingu.net RAC Node3 node3.hingu.net node3-prv node3-vip.hingu.net Storage nas-server N/A N/A DNS server lab-dns N/A N/A SCAN IPs: 192.168.2.151 192.168.2.152 192.168.2.153 SCAN: lab-scan.hingu.net Cluster Name: lab Public Network: 192.168.2.0/eth2 Private network (cluster Interconnect): 192.168.0.0/eth0 Private network (Storage Network): 192.168.1.0/eth1 Machine Public IP Private IP VIP Storage IP RAC Node1 192.168.2.1 192.168.0.1 192.168.2.51 192.168.1.1 RAC Node2 192.168.2.2 192.168.0.2 192.168.2.52 192.168.1.2 RAC Node3 192.168.2.3 192.168.0.3 192.168.2.53 192.168.1.3 Storage N/A N/A N/A 192.168.1.101 DNS server 192.168.2.200 N/A N/A N/A The Installation is divided into 3 main categories: Pre-installation task: Server Hardware Requirements: Each node in the Cluster must meet the below requirement. At least 1024 x 768 display resolution, so that OUI displays correctly. 1 GB of space in the /tmp directory 5.5 GB space for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Home. At least 2.5 GB of RAM and equivalent swap space (for 32 bit installation as in my case). · All the RAC nodes must share the same Instruction Set Architecture. For a testing RAC setup, it is possible to install RAC on servers with mixtures of Intel 32 and AMD 32 with differences in sizes of Memory/CPU speed. Installation of OEL5.5 (On All the RAC Nodes and DNS Host): The below selection was made during the installation of OEL5 on the Node 1 (node1.hingu.net). The same process was followed to install RHEL 5 on all the remaining RAC nodes and DNS Host (lab-dns). The Hostname/IP information was appropriately chosen for respective nodes from the Architecture diagram. Insert Installation Media #1: Testing the CD Media: Skip Language: English Key Board: U.S. English Partition Option: “Remove all Partitions on selected drives and create default layout” Boot Loader: “ The GRUB boot loader will be installed on /dev/sda” Network Devices: Active on Boot Devices IPV4.Netmask IPV6/Prefix Yes eth0 192.168.0.1/255.255.255.0 Auto Yes eth1 192.168.1.1/255.255.255.0 Auto Yes eth2 192.168.2.1/255.255.255.0 Auto Hostname a Manually à node1.hingu.net Ignore both the Warning Messages at this point Region: America/New York System Clock Uses UTC (checked) Root Password à Enter the root password Additional Tasks On top of Default Installation: “Checked all Software Development” and “Web Server” Customize Now (Selected) (Below is the extra selection on top of the default selected packages) Applications à Authoring and Publishing (checked) Development à Development Libraries à libstdc++44-devel Development a Java Development Development à Legacy Software Development Servers à Checked All the servers Servers à Legacy Network Server à bootparamd, rsh-server, rusers, rusers-server, telnet-server Servers à Network Servers à dhcp, dhcpv6, dnsmasq, ypserv Servers à Servers Configuration Tools à Checked All Base System àAdministration Tools à Checked All Base System à Base à device-mapper-multipath, iscsi-initiator-utils, Base System à Legacy Software Support à openmotif22 Base System à System Tools à OpenIPMI-gui, lsscsi, oracle*, sysstat, tsclient Post Installation Steps: (1) Yes to License Agreement. (2) Disable the firewall (3) Disable SELinux (4) Disable kdump (5) Set the clock (6) Finish Installation of openfiler 2.3 Version: Openfiler V 2.3 (downloaded from Minimum Required RPMs for OEL 5.5 (All the 3 RAC Nodes): binutils-2.17.50.0.6 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 elfutils-libelf-0.125 elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125 elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125 gcc-4.1.2 gcc-c++-4.1.2 glibc-2.5-24 glibc-common-2.5 glibc-devel-2.5 glibc-headers-2.5 kernel-headers-2.6.18 ksh-20060214 libaio-0.3.106 libaio-devel-0.3.106 libgcc-4.1.2 libgomp-4.1.2 libstdc++-4.1.2 libstdc++-devel-4.1.2 make-3.81 numactl-devel-0.9.8.i386 sysstat-7.0.2 unixODBC-2.2.11 unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 Below command verifies whether the specified rpms are installed or not. Any missing rpms can be installed from the OEL Media Pack rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static \ gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers kernel-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel \ libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel I had to install below extra RPMs. numactl-develà Located on the 3rd CD of OEL 5.5 Media pack. oracleasmlibàAvailable Network Configuration for RAC Nodes/NAS Server/DNS Host: Public, VIPs and SCAN VIPs are resolved by DNS. The private IPs for Cluster Interconnects are resolved through /etc/hosts. The hostname along with public/private and NAS network is configured at the time of OEL network installations. The final Network Configurations files are listed here. (a) hostname: For Node node1: [root@node1 ~]# hostname node1.hingu.net node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes NETWORKING_IPV6=yes HOSTNAME=node1.hingu.net For Node node2: [root@node2 ~]# hostname node2.hingu.net node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes NETWORKING_IPV6=yes HOSTNAME=node2.hingu.net For Node node3: [root@node3 ~]# hostname node3.hingu.net node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes NETWORKING_IPV6=yes HOSTNAME=node3.hingu.net For Node nas-server: [root@nas-server ~]# hostname nas-server nas-server: /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=nas-server For Node lab-dns: [root@lab-dns ~]# hostname lab-dns lab-dns.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes NETWORKING_IPV6=yes HOSTNAME=nas-server (b) Private Network for Cluster Interconnect: node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 # Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.0.255 HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:60 IPADDR=192.168.0.1 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.0.0 ON‌BOOT=yes node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 # Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.0.255 HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:4B IPADDR=192.168.0.2 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.0.0 ON‌BOOT=yes node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 # Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.0.255 HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:49 IPADDR=192.168.0.3 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.0.0 ON‌BOOT=yes © Public Network: node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2 # Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express DEVICE=eth2 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.2.255 HWADDR=00:18:8B:04:6A:62 IPADDR=192.168.2.1 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.2.0 ON‌BOOT=yes node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2 # Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express DEVICE=eth2 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.2.255 HWADDR=00:18:8B:24:F8:58 IPADDR=192.168.2.2 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.2.0 ON‌BOOT=yes node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2 # Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express DEVICE=eth2 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.2.255 HWADDR=00:19:B9:0C:E6:EF IPADDR=192.168.2.3 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.2.0 ON‌BOOT=yes lab-dns.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 # Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.2.255 HWADDR=00:13:72:A1:E9:1B IPADDR=192.168.2.200 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.2.0 ON‌BOOT=yes (d) Private Network for Shared Storage: node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 # Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.1.255 HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:60 IPADDR=192.168.1.1 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.1.0 ON‌BOOT=yes node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 # Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.1.255 HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:45:13 IPADDR=192.168.1.2 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.1.0 ON‌BOOT=yes node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 # Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.1.255 HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:48 IPADDR=192.168.1.3 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.1.0 ON‌BOOT=yes nas-server.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.1.255 HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:43D6 IPADDR=192.168.1.101 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.1.0 ON‌BOOT=yes TYPE=Ethernet (e) /etc/hosts files: node1.hingu.net: /etc/hosts # # Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 node1.hingu.net node1 localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 ##======================================= # Private Network for Cluster Interconnect ##======================================= 192.168.0.1 node1-prv 192.168.0.2 node2-prv 192.168.0.3 node3-prv ##======================================= ##======================================= node2.hingu.net: /etc/hosts # # Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 node2.hingu.net node2 localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 ##======================================= # Private Network for Cluster Interconnect ##======================================= 192.168.0.1 node1-prv 192.168.0.2 node2-prv 192.168.0.3 node3-prv ##======================================= ##======================================= node3.hingu.net: /etc/hosts # # Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 node3.hingu.net node3 localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 ##======================================= # Private Network for Cluster Interconnect ##======================================= 192.168.0.1 node1-prv 192.168.0.2 node2-prv 192.168.0.3 node3-prv ##======================================= ##======================================= lab-dns.hingu.net: /etc/hosts ## Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 lab-dns.hingu.net lab-dns localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 Configure DNS server for SCAN VIPs, Node VIPs and Node IPs: DNS Server: lab-dns.hingu.net RPMs required in setting up DNS server: ypbind-1.19-12.el5 bind-utils-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2 bind-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2 system-config-bind-4.0.3-4.0.1.el5 bind-libs-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2 bind-chroot-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2 Configurations files modified/created to set up DNS: lab-dbs.hingu.net /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf (modified) /var/named/chroot/var/named/hingu.net.zone (created) /var/named/chroot/var/named/2.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone (created) /var/named/chroot/var/named/1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone (created) On node1, node2 and node3 /etc/resolv.conf (modified) /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf // Enterprise Linux BIND Configuration Tool // // Default initial "Caching Only" name server configuration // options { directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; }; // Zone for this RAC configuration is hingu.net zone "hingu.net" in { type master; file "hingu.net.zone"; allow-update { none; }; }; // For reverse lookups zone "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa" in { type master; file "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" in { type master; file "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone"; allow-update { none; }; }; include "/etc/rndc.key"; /var/named/chroot/var/named/hingu.net.zone $TTL 1d hingu.net. IN SOA lab-dns.hingu.net. root.hingu.net. ( 100 ; se = serial number 8h ; ref = refresh 5m ; ret = update retry 3w ; ex = expiry 3h ; min = minimum ) IN NS lab-dns.hingu.net. ; DNS server lab-dns IN A 192.168.2.200 ; RAC Nodes Public name node1 IN A 192.168.2.1 node2 IN A 192.168.2.2 node3 IN A 192.168.2.3 ; RAC Nodes Public VIPs node1-vip IN A 192.168.2.51 node2-vip IN A 192.168.2.52 node3-vip IN A 192.168.2.53 ; 3 SCAN VIPs lab-scan IN A 192.168.2.151 lab-scan IN A 192.168.2.152 lab-scan IN A 192.168.2.153 ; Storage Network nas-server IN A 192.168.1.101 node1-nas IN A 192.168.1.1 node2-nas IN A 192.168.1.2 node3-nas IN A 192.168.1.3 /var/named/chroot/var/named/2.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone $TTL 1d @ IN SOA lab-dns.hingu.net. root.hingu.net. ( 100 ; se = serial number 8h ; ref = refresh 5m ; ret = update retry 3w ; ex = expiry 3h ; min = minimum ) IN NS lab-dns.hingu.net. ; DNS machine name in reverse 200 IN PTRlab-dns.hingu.net. ; RAC Nodes Public Name in Reverse 1 IN PTRnode1.hingu.net. 2 IN PTRnode2.hingu.net. 3 IN PTRnode3.hingu.net. ; RAC Nodes Public VIPs in Reverse 51 IN PTR node1-vip.hingu.net. 52 IN PTR node2-vip.hingu.net. 53 IN PTR node3-vip.hingu.net. ; RAC Nodes SCAN VIPs in Reverse 151 IN PTR lab-scan.hingu.net. 152 IN PTR lab-scan.hingu.net. 153 IN PTR lab-scan.hingu.net. /var/named/chroot/var/named/1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone $TTL 1d @ IN SOA lab-dns.hingu.net. root.hingu.net. ( 100 ; se = serial number 8h ; ref = refresh 5m ; ret = update retry 3w ; ex = expiry 3h ; min = minimum ) IN NS lab-dns.hingu.net. ; Storage Network Reverse Lookup 101 IN PTR nas-server.hingu.net. 1 IN PTR node1-nas.hingu.net. 2 IN PTR node2-nas.hingu.net. 3 IN PTR node3-nas.hingu.net. /etc/resolv.conf (on RAC nodes): search hingu.net nameserver 192.168.2.200 Start the DNS Service (named): service named start chkconfig --level 35 named on Verify the DNS Setup: NOTE: nslookup for lab-scan should return names in random order every time. Enable Name Service Cache Daemon nscd: (On all the RAC Nodes) chkconfig --level 35 nscd on service ncsd start Creating Oracle Users/Groups/Permissions and Installation Paths: (On all the RAC Nodes): userdel oracle groupdel oinstall groupdel dba groupadd -g 1000 oinstall groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin groupadd -g 1021 asmdba groupadd -g 1031 dba useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba grid useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle mkdir -p /u01/app/grid11201 mkdir -p /u01/app/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /u01 mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle chmod -R 775 /u01 passwd grid passwd oracle Install cvuqdisk Package: (On all the RAC Nodes): This package is located in the rpm directory on Grid Infrastructure Media and needs to be installed after the group oinstall is created. In my case, as this was a fresh install of 11g R2 on new hardware, old versions of cvuqdisk was not present. If it is, then the older version needs to be removed first. export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall echo $CVUQDISK rpm –ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm [root@node1 rpm]# pwd /home/grid/11gR2_for_OEL5/grid11201/grid/rpm [root@node1 rpm]# export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall [root@node1 rpm]# echo $CVUQDISK_GRP oinstall [root@node1 rpm]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:cvuqdisk ########################################### [100%] [root@node1 rpm]# rpm -qa | grep cvuqdisk cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1 [root@node1 rpm]# Network Time Protocol Setting (On all the RAC Nodes): In this installation, Oracle Time Synchronization Service is used over the Linux system provided ntpd. So, it needs to deactivated and deinstalled to avoid any possibility of it being conflicted with the Oracle’s Cluster Time Sync Service (ctss). # /sbin/service ntpd stop # chkconfig ntpd off # mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org Also remove the following file: /var/run/ntpd.pid Configure Grid Infrastructure as well as Oracle RAC Owner’s User Environment (grid and oracle): (a) Set the umask to 022 by putting below line into these users’ (grid and oracle) .bash_profile files: umask 022 Then, executed the .bash_profile and verified that the correct value of umask is displayed. [grid@node1 ~]$ . .bash_profile [grid@node1 ~]$ umask (b) Setting up X11 forwarding: Created the file ~/.ssh/config to disable the X11Forwadding by placing below line in it. Host * ForwardX11 no © Suppressed the Terminal output on STDOUT and STDERR to prevent Installation errors: Modified the file ~/.bashrc (or .cshrc for C shell) with below entry. Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell: if [ -t 0 ]; then stty intr ^C fi C shell: test -t 0 if ($status == 0) then stty intr ^C endif (d) Increased the Shell Limits: Recommended: Resource Soft Limit Hard Limit Processes 2047 16384 Open File Descriptors 1024 65536 Stack 10240 10240 - 32768 Set: Resource Soft Limit Hard Limit Processes 131072 131072 Open File Descriptors 131072 131072 Stack 32768 32768 Added the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file: oracle soft nofile 131072 oracle hard nofile 131072 oracle soft nproc 131072 oracle hard nproc 131072 oracle soft core unlimited oracle hard core unlimited oracle soft memlock 3500000 oracle hard memlock 3500000 # Recommended stack hard limit 32MB for oracle installations # oracle hard stack 32768 grid soft nofile 131072 grid hard nofile 131072 grid soft nproc 131072 grid hard nproc 131072 grid soft core unlimited grid hard core unlimited grid soft memlock 3500000 grid hard memlock 3500000 # Recommended stack hard limit 32MB for grid installations # grid hard stack 32768 Added the following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist: session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines to the /etc/profile: if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 131072 ulimit -n 131072 else ulimit -u 131072 -n 131072 fi fi if [ $USER = "grid" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 131072 ulimit -n 131072 else ulimit -u 131072 -n 131072 fi fi For the C shell (csh or tcsh), add the following lines to the /etc/csh.login. if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then limit maxproc 131072 limit descriptors 131072 endif if ( $USER == "grid" ) then limit maxproc 131072 limit descriptors 131072 endif (e) Set the below Kernel Parameters with recommended range in /etc/sysctl.conf This was already set with the installation of oracle-validated package. /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Oracle Enterprise Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 1 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmax = 8192 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 1073741824 # For 11g, recommended value for file-max is 6815744 fs.file-max = 6815744 # For 10g, uncomment 'fs.file-max 327679', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p # fs.file-max:327679 kernel.msgmni = 2878 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142 kernel.shmmni = 4096 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 # For 11g, recommended value for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 # For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.rmem_max 2097152', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p # net.core.rmem_max=2097152 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 # For 11g, recommended value for wmem_max is 1048576 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 # For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.wmem_max 262144', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p # net.core.wmem_max:262144 fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728 # For 11g, recommended value for ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 # For 10g, uncomment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range 1024 65000', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p # net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range:1024 65000 # Added min_free_kbytes 50MB to avoid OOM killer on EL4/EL5 vm.min_free_kbytes = 51200 (f) Repeated this process for all the remaining nodes in the cluster. SSH user Equivalency configuration (grid and oracle): On All the Cluster Nodes: su - oracle mkdir ~/.ssh chmod 700 ~/.ssh Generate the RSA and DSA keys: /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t rsa /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsa On node1: touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys cd ~/.ssh (a) Add these Keys to the Authorized_keys file. cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys (b) Send this file to node2. scp authorized_keys node2:.ssh/ On node2: (a) Add these Keys to the Authorized_keys file. cd ~/.ssh cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys (b) Send this file to node3. scp authorized_keys node3:.ssh/ On node3: (a) Add these Keys to the Authorized_keys file. cd ~/.ssh cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys (b) Send this file to node1 and node2. scp authorized_keys node1:.ssh/ scp authorized_keys node2:.ssh/ On All the Nodes: chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys ssh node1 date ssh node2 date ssh node3 date ssh node1.hingu.net date ssh node2.hingu.net date ssh node3.hingu.net date ssh node1-prv date ssh node2-prv date ssh node3-prv date Entered 'yes' and continued when prompted Repeat the Above process for user grid: Configure the Shared Storage for 11g R2 Grid Infrastructure and RAC Database: Volume Group: grid Physical Volume: /dev/sda5 (1st extended partition on the last physical partition of local disk /dev/sda nas-server) Logical Volumes: asmdisk01, asmdisk02, asmdisk03 a) Connect to the nas-server using: Configure the iSCSI disk Devises for Oracle ASM with ASMLib: (a) Partition the Disk Devises (only from one node): Format these disks to contain a single primary partition to represent it at the time of creating ASM disk using oracleasm. [root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 24992. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-24992, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-24992, default 24992): Using default value 24992 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 26.2 GB, 26206011392 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 24992 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 24992 25591792 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 25024. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-25024, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-25024, default 25024): Using default value 25024 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdc: 26.2 GB, 26239565824 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 25024 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 25024 25624560 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 25248. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-25248, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-25248, default 25248): Using default value 25248 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdd: 26.4 GB, 26474446848 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 25248 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 25248 25853936 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@node1 ~]# (b) Refreshed the kernel on the remaining nodes with the latest partition table using partprobe. [root@node1 ~]# partprobe © Verified that the below RPMs are installed before configuring the ASM driver. oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5 oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5 oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5xen-2.0.5-1.el5 oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5PAE-2.0.5-1.el5 oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5debug-2.0.5-1.el5 oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5 (d) Configured the ASMLib (All the RAC nodes): [root@node1 ~]# oracleasm configure –i (e) Loaded the ASMLib Module (All the RAC nodes): [root@node1 ~]# oracleasm init (f) Created the ASM disks using oracleasm: (ONLY from one of the RAC nodes) oracleasm createdisk DSK01 /dev/sdb1 oracleasm createdisk DSK02 /dev/sdc1 oracleasm createdisk DSK03 /dev/sdd1 oracleasm scandisks oracleasm listdisks (g) On the Remaining RAC nodes, simply scanned the ASM disks to instantiate these newly created disks oracleasm scandisks oracleasm listdisks (h) Verified that these ASM disk can be discovered by ASM Libraries (oracleasmlib) on all the RAC Nodes during Installation of Grid Infrastructure. /usr/sbin/oracleasm-discover 'ORCL:*' [grid@node1 ~]$ /usr/sbin/oracleasm-discover 'ORCL:*' Using ASMLib from /opt/oracle/extapi/32/asm/orcl/1/libasm.so [ASM Library - Generic Linux, version 2.0.4 (KABI_V2)] Discovered disk: ORCLSK01 [51183584 blocks (26205995008 bytes), maxio 512] Discovered disk: ORCLSK02 [51249120 blocks (26239549440 bytes), maxio 512] Discovered disk: ORCLSK03 [51707872 blocks (26474430464 bytes), maxio 512] [grid@node1 ~]$ With this, the pre-Installation steps are completed successfully and are ready to install 11g R2 Grid Infrastructure software Get ready with the RAC Architecture Diagram and RAC Setup Information about Cluster Name, SCAN Name, SCAN VIPs, Node Names, VIPs, and Inventory Location. 3-Node RAC Architecture: Machine Public Name Private Name VIP Name RAC Node1 node1.hingu.net node1-prv node1-vip.hingu.net RAC Node2 node2.hingu.net node2-prv node2-vip.hingu.net RAC Node3 node3.hingu.net node3-prv node3-vip.hingu.net SCAN: lab-scan.hingu.net Cluster Name: lab Public Network: 192.168.2.0/eth2 Private network: 192.168.0.0/eth0 Grid Infrastructure Software (Clusterware + ASM 11.2.0.1): Server: All the RAC Nodes ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/grid ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/grid11201 Owner: grid (Primary Group: oinstall, Secondary Group: asmadmin, asmdba) Permissions: 755 OCR/Voting Disk Storage Type: ASM Oracle Inventory Location: /u01/app/oraInventory Start the runInstaller from Grid Infrastructure Software Location: [grid@node1 grid]$ /home/grid/11gR2_for_OEL5/grid11201/grid/runInstaller Grid Infrastructure installation process: Installation Option: Install and Configure Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster Installation Type: Advanced Installation Product Language: English Grid Plug and Play: Cluster Name: lab SCAN Name: lab-scan.hingu.net SCAN Port: 1521 Configure GNS: Unchecked Cluster Node Information: Entered the Hostname and VIP names of the Cluster Nodes. Checked the SSH connectivity Network Interface Usage: OUI picked up all the interfaces correctly. I did not have to make any changes here. Storage Option: Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Create ASM Disk Group: Disk Group Name: GIS_FILES Redundancy: External Candidate Disk: ORCLSK01 ASM Password: Use Same Password for these accounts. (Ignored password warnings.) Failure Isolation: Do not use Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) Operating System Groups: ASM Database Administrator (OSDBA) Group: asmdba ASM Instance Administrator Operator (OSOPER) Group: oinstall ASM Instance Administrator (OSASM) Group: asmadmin Installation Location: Oracle Base: /u01/app/grid Software Location: /u01/app/grid11201 Create Inventory: Inventory Directory: /u01/app/oraInventory Prerequisite Checks: Ignored the failures of NTP check to use Oracle’s CTSS. All the 3 nodes’ clock was set to same time before the installation. Summary Screen: Verified the information here and pressed “Finish” to start installation. At the End of the installation, the two scripts needs to be executed as root user. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/app/grid11201/root.sh After the successful completion of these scripts, the 11g R2 High Availability Service (CRS, CSS and EVMD) should all be up and running. Verify the status of the installation using below set of commands. crsctl check cluster –all crs_stat –t –v crsctl check ctss The GSD and OC4J resources are by default disabled. Enable GSD them if 9i Database is managed by this cluster. srvctl enable nodeapps –g srvctl start nodeapps –n node1 srvctl start nodeapps –n node2 srvctl start nodeapps –n node3 srvctl enable oc4j srvctl start oc4j Install 11g R2 RAC Software Start the runInstaller from 11g R2 Real Application Cluster (RAC) Software Location: [oracle@node1 ~]$ /home/oracle/db11201/database/runInstaller Real Application Cluster installation process: Configure Security Updates: Email: abdul.rehman@raqmiyat.com Ignore the “Connection Failed” alert. Installation Option: Install database software only Node Selection: Select All the Nodes (node1,node2 and node3) Product Language: English Database Edition: Enterprise Edition Installation Location: Oracle Base: /u01/app/oracle Software Location: /u01/app/oracle/db11201 Operating System Groups: Database Administrator (OSDBA) Group: dba Database Operator (OSOPER) Group: oinstall Network Interface Usage: OUI picked up all the interfaces correctly. I did not have to make any changes here. Summary Screen: Verified the information here and pressed “Finish” to start installation. At the End of the installation, the two scripts needs to be executed on all the nodes as root user. /u01/app/oracle/db11201/root.sh Run the root.sh on all the RAC nodes. At this point, the 11g R2 (11.2.0.1) Real Application cluster Installation is completed successfully. Now, it’s time to create new ASM disk groups and LISTENER for the new database. Add Listener: Listener name: LAB_LISTENER END Point: TCP:1525 Invoke the netca utility under $ORACLE_HOME/bin to create a listener and provide the above information to the specific window. The screenshots of this process are as below. Create ASM Disk Groups: Disk Group Name: FRA, DATA ASM DISKs: DSK02, DSK03 respectively. Redundancy Level: External Connect as grid user and Invoke the asmca utility under $GRID_HOME/bin to create these disk groups. The screenshots of this process are as below. Create 11g R2 RAC database using dbca: DB Name: labdb Connect as oracle user and invoke the dbca utility under $ORACLE_HOME/bin to create a new database. After the successful creation of database, modify the LOCAL_LISTENER parameter to point to port 1525 for all the RAC nodes and test the connectivity to the database. The HOST and port value in the TNS ALIAS (connect string) should be set to lab-scan.hingu.net and 1521 respectively. This way, all client knows is the cluster host and port (lab-scan.hingu.net:1521). The DATABASE instances gets registered with the SCAN Listener (1521) running on virtual Host via REMOTE_LISTENER parameter and client connect request coming to SCAN listener gets redirected to the least loaded DATABASE instance based on the service name specified in connect string. So, the Database instance gets registered with the LOCAL_LISTENER (regular Database Listener) and REMOTE_LISTENER (scan). The screenshots of this process are as below. [grid@node1 ~]$ lsnrctl status listener_scan1 LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 03-SEP-2011 22:30:53 Copyright © 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER_SCAN1 Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 03-SEP-2011 22:23:08 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 7 min. 45 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/grid11201/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/grid11201/log/diag/tnslsnr/node1/listener_scan1/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.2.152)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "labdb.hingu.net" has 3 instance(s). Instance "labdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Instance "labdb2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Instance "labdb3", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "labdbXDB.hingu.net" has 3 instance(s). Instance "labdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Instance "labdb2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Instance "labdb3", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully [grid@node1 ~]$ [oracle@node1 ~]$ lsnrctl status lab_listener LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 03-SEP-2011 22:36:55 Copyright © 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LAB_LISTENER))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LAB_LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 03-SEP-2011 22:23:08 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 13 min. 47 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/db11201/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/node1/lab_listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LAB_LISTENER))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1525))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.2.51)(PORT=1525))) Services Summary... Service "labdb.hingu.net" has 1 instance(s). Instance "labdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "labdbXDB.hingu.net" has 1 instance(s). Instance "labdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully [oracle@node1 ~]$ With this, the Installation of 11g R2 RAC on Linux (OEL 5.5) is completed successfully. I hope you find this article helpful.